Apologies for putting both posts together but if you look at minerals from conflict affected high-risk areas you'll see disgusting human rights abuses. It is an area that is still trying to get to grips with the issue.
Blood diamonds/tantalum/tin/tungsten/gold and increasingly cobalt from afflicted regions still suffer from slavery and enforced labour, beatings and murder, organised crime and terrorism. The Dodd Frank act was a benchmark in relation to this but is now superseded by the OECD Due Dilligence framework that looks to ensure any supply chain actor and manufacturer has oversight of where and how materials were produced.
If you were someone from the black community and your expressed aim was to be 'woke' to matters then this is happening across developing nations right now.
If you buy gold from the middle east then it will generally not be from the regulated LBMA system and will have come from the black market. Big business such as Apple and Jewellers such as Tyffany have robust policies around due diligence to protect their brand but even these can have spillage. Here is Apples 2020 report
Business should be a force for good. Apple supports people and communities in our global supply chain, and works to protect the planet we all share.
www.apple.com
They have to be diligent as the problem is ongoing. Apple recently had to drop 10 refiners because of compliance issues
https://www.cips.org/supply-managem...ves-non-compliant-smelters-from-supply-chain/
The reason I raise this is that not all organisations have a robust approach or the capacity to monitor global supply chains. The likes of Dubai based business generally do not care for the origin and abuses that may have been endured in getting the product to them. Similar issues exist in India and China.
Slavery is still a global issue today and peoples time would be better spent addressing these very real issues, in my humble opinion.