September 12th marked the 16th anniversary of Israels withdrawal from the Gaza Strip, part of a 'land for peace' strategy which was much lauded at the time but the succession of Hamas led Gaza wars that followed have succeeded only in pushing any long-term solution ever further into the distance. To mark the anniversary, Foreign Minister Yair Lapid gave a speech in which he laid out a detailed plan for improving life for Gazans through economic and diplomatic means.
Lapid rejected the dichotomy that Israel can either reconquer Gaza or continue to engage in periodic rounds of war against Hamas and other terrorist groups in the coastal enclave.
“Those are two bad options,” he said. “That’s not a reality we can accept.”
Instead, Israel should advance the “economy for security” formulation without negotiating with Hamas.
“Israel doesn’t speak to terrorist organisations who want to destroy us. This is not a proposal for negotiations with Hamas. Israel will not reward a terrorist organisation and weaken the Palestinian Authority that works with us on a regular basis."
"The policy Israel has pursued up until now hasn’t substantially changed the situation. The closures haven’t stopped the smuggling and production of weapons. Last night, we once again struck Gaza after yet another rocket was fired, and residents ran to their shelters. We need to change direction."
“We need to start a large, multiyear process of economy for security. The aim is to create stability on both sides of the border.”
He outlined a two-stage plan for changing the economic situation in Gaza.
1. Rehabilitate Gaza’s infrastructure in exchange for tight international oversight — as well as quiet from Hamas. The humanitarian rebuilding of Gaza in exchange for an effort, coordinated with the international community, to stop Hamas’s military build-up.
“The electricity system will be repaired, gas will be connected, a water desalination plant will be built, significant improvements to the healthcare system and a rebuilding of housing and transportation infrastructure will take place."
“In exchange, Hamas will commit to long-term quiet.”
The Palestinian Authority would go back to being responsible for crossings into Gaza, except for Rafah, which is controlled by Egypt.
The international community would have to use its influence to ensure quiet and stop Hamas from arming itself, including preventing smuggling and an oversight mechanism to stop humanitarian funds from getting to the terrorist group that threatens Israeli civilians. Both Egypt and the Palestinian Authority would play a role in the process. (The PA, which is dominated by Hamas’s Fatah rivals, has currently has no role in the Gaza Strip.)
“The rehabilitation process will be defined by a series of pre-set benchmarks, with each one given a specific time-frame. Any breach by Hamas will stop the process or set it back.”
2. The second stage will allow a transformative change in the economy of Gaza, including the construction of an artificial island built off the coast of the enclave - part of a long-proposed plan to see a port built in Gaza - and a transportation link with the West Bank.
Economic projects with Israel, Egypt and the PA will be facilitated, including industrial zones near the Erez crossing, with international investment from the EU, US, the IMF, the World Bank and the UAE.
The PA would take over civil and economic affairs in the Gaza Strip as part of this step.
“We need to tell Gazans at every opportunity: Hamas is leading you to ruin."
“No one will come and invest real money, and no one will try to build an economy in a place from where Hamas fires and that Israel strikes on a regular basis. If Sinwar and Haniyeh continue to act against Israel, we will know and the international community will know, and mostly the people of Gaza will know, that Hamas refuses to improve life in Gaza because the only thing they care about is killing Jews."
Lapid said that he had already discussed the plan with leaders from the European Union, Egypt, the Gulf States, US Secretary of State Antony Blinken, and Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov.
He finished by claiming his plan would “strengthen the Palestinian Authority... with an aim to achieve a two-state solution. The political conditions – in Israel and in the Palestinian Authority – don’t allow for diplomatic progress at the moment. But in Gaza, we can, and we should, act now.”
I'm pleased Lapid has revealed his thoughts on the future of Gaza - the status quo the previous government were happy with cannot continue. However, many of the projects he mentioned - connecting Gaza to natural gas, building a desalination plant, creating a port and industrial zones - have been proposed before, only to be rejected by the Palestinians. Will it be any different this time? Initial reactions from Hamas, naturally, and the hapless PA Prime Minister Mohammed Shtayyeh suggest not - though the latter should not be taken too seriously. The international community need to encourage the PA to accept the plan - not only is it good for the Palestinian people it is also to the benefit of the PA and puts the blame for any failure on Hamas.
The only new things I can see are the call for a greater role for the international community and an acceding to the recent demands of the PA for control of border crossings and a direct link between Gaza and the West Bank. By 'international community' I doubt he means UNWRA. Sadly, I remain unconvinced that there is enough genuine interest and determination in the west for the plan to succeed.
The chances of Hamas agreeing to any sort of PA influence in Gaza are virtually zero, especially as they have convinced themselves they are winning the propaganda war against the PA in the West Bank and against Israel in the west.
There are, though, a lot of meetings going on at the moment, and who knows what is being discussed in them. In addition to the meetings mentioned by Lapid, Bennett was in Egypt on Sunday and has previously met the Jordanians and Biden. Abbas has met with the Jordanians and Egyptians and is due at the UN soon, as is Bennett, although I suspect he will talk about Iran and the Abraham Accords. Abbas has also met with Benny Gantz and there have been other governmental level Israel/PA meetings. Crucially, Egypt are in regular contact with Hamas so their support for the plan is vital. Qatar, too, could have a major role, and the UAE seem keen to be involved. Unfortunately, the biggest influence on Hamas, Iran, are against any such plan.
Unfortunately I see little chance of Lapid's plan coming to fruition. I would love to be wrong.