I've taken the time to analyse this properly and come to my initial instinctive conclusion, which is that it's biased & limited in scope.
Here's why:
it's authored from Ulf Liebe, a pro-American German stationed in Warwick, with some input from various others, including one fella from Berlin. Ulf Liebe is a thinktank-supported researcher who's favoured themes concern how apparently prejudiced the German folk are (see his previous papers on anti-americanism & anti-semitism amongst German people). His papers are used to prop up certain agendas.
You didn't link where the article is from. Now I see why.
It's from The Conversation, which doesn't even have a german edition, but does have Ulf Liebe as one of its main contributors. This site is elitist (only academics can publish) and has obvious agendas (it's oft-criticised as
leaning to Left while it claims to be bi-partisan). The title of its leading article today is:
Brexit diet could lead to 5,600 deaths a year as fresh fruit and veg prices shoot up - which The Onion would be proud of!
The article you pasted is an agenda-piece masquerading as dry academic research.
He uses emotive words like "tragic", which is a nudge in agenda-forming, usually frowned upon in academic analysis. The survey asked a mere 800-odd people, rather than the far larger samples available among online commentariat, tho' there's no consensus yet amongst academia how best to survey the online commentariat (because the anonymity hides demographics, as well as wariness of 'Putinbots' & trolls who don't mean what they say etc). The survey also asks a loaded question rather than asks after the more important theme of Islam in Germany.
The killer sign the paper is biased is here:
"Survey participants who stated that there were refugee homes in their vicinity at the time of the 2016 survey, and who told us that they had been in contact with refugees, were more likely to be rather approving of refugee homes and were also more likely to retain these views. This also applies to citizens who were better educated and who had a more positive attitude towards immigrants in general. "
Buried in the paper is an admittance the sample surveyed were over-represented in regards to their education (the paper has to admit this otherwise it falls foul of academia). This however won't be reported in the publications using this study to further their agenda. It's subtle, but the implication here (and will be made more obvious by external sites quoting the paper) is that those expressing criticism of the
wir schaffen das policy are uneducated and negative.
The conclusion reached is a bit Captain Obvious: "
there was and still is today a mismatch between people’s views, the focus of political debates about refugees and media coverage of these issues."
Conclusion: nothing of value was published here.