It's an interesting one. I've been reading a lot recently about motivation and what role feedback has in that. It was largely in the area of bonuses and whether financial incentives actually motivate people, with science seeming to suggest it doesn't.
Instinctively I think the government have an odd position on this side of things. For instance parents seem to play a huge role in the educational success of their children, yet the government, whilst not encouraging single parents, do little to discourage it either. As an adopted child my parents had to rigorously prove they were fit, financially and personally, to raise me before I was handed over. With so much at stake, both for parent and child, what can be done to encourage people to think more before bonking without a rubber? Do current policies help or hinder this?
Likewise with post-education. Again it would seem a sensible goal to encourage people as much as possible to educate themselves and therefore (hopefully) develop a good career, be productive members of society etc. Yet in taxation terms the successful are taxed more and the unsuccessful subsidised.
Going back to the start though, it seems questionable whether financial factors play a part in motivation, and if they don't, what other tools does a government have to improve things?