The variant known as B.1.1.7 is now the dominant coronavirus strain in Europe and the U.S. Scientists say there is still much to learn about the more contagious virus.
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People infected with the more contagious coronavirus variant first identified in the United Kingdom did not experience more severe symptoms and were not at higher risk of death, according to a new study published Monday.
Scientists are struggling to pin down the nature of the U.K. variant, which has become the dominant strain across Europe and, as of last week, in the
United States. Chief among the questions: Is the variant more deadly?
The study, published in
The Lancet Infectious Diseases, looked at data from last fall in the U.K., shortly after the variant was first detected. It soon spread rapidly, eventually becoming the dominant strain circulating in the country.
The new findings add to scientists' ever-evolving understanding of the
U.K. variant, known as B.1.1.7, at a crucial time in the pandemic, as it and other variants are circulating widely in other countries.
Researchers looked at Covid-19 patients who were admitted to University College London Hospital and North Middlesex University Hospital from Nov. 9 to Dec. 20. The scientists sequenced virus samples from 341 patients, finding that 58 percent were positive for the U.K. variant and that 42 percent had been infected with a different strain.
The researchers then compared the severity of symptoms between the two groups and found that patients infected with the B.1.1.7 variant were not at increased risk of becoming severely ill or dying. The study zeroed in on a time when the U.K. variant was just gaining a foothold in London — and as the U.K.'s vaccination program was getting underway.
"We were able to do this real-time analysis because we were in the eye of the storm," said a lead author of the study, Dan Frampton, a bioinformatician at University College London.The study found that samples from patients with the B.1.1.7 variant had greater quantities of virus, or higher "viral loads," but it is not yet clear why.
"One idea for why this variant is more transmissible could be that patients are making more virus," Frampton said.
He said that while the researchers did not find an association between the U.K. variant and the severity of illness, patients hospitalized with the B.1.1.7 variant at the time were more likely to be under age 60 and from ethnic minority backgrounds.
Patients with B.1.1.7 were also more likely to be given oxygen. Frampton said that was not necessarily an indication of more severe disease and that more research is needed."There's clearly a lot of interesting stuff to look into," he said. "We're in a much better position now to start studying what appear to be small results and go into more detail to flesh the picture out more.”