The Good Friday Agreement.
The Belfast Agreement
Contentious issue number 1. European Court of Human Rights.
"(b) the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) and any Bill of Rights for Northern Ireland supplementing it, which neither the Assembly nor public bodies can infringe, together with a Human Rights Commission; (c) arrangements to provide that key decisions and legislation are proofed to ensure that they do not infringe the ECHR and any Bill of Rights for Northern Ireland;"
"11. The Assembly may appoint a special Committee to examine and report on whether a measure or proposal for legislation is in conformity with equality requirements, including the ECHR/Bill of Rights. The Committee shall have the power to call people and papers to assist in its consideration of the matter. The Assembly shall then consider the report of the Committee and can determine the matter in accordance with the cross-community consent procedure".
"United Kingdom Legislation 2.
The British Government will complete incorporation into Northern Ireland law of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), with direct access to the courts, and remedies for breach of the Convention, including power for the courts to overrule Assembly legislation on grounds of inconsistency".
The May government has said they would pull out of the ECHR, which ends the Good Friday Agreement. It didn't matter whether there was an election or not the moment the UK government pulls the plug on the ECHR, the Good Friday Agreement is null and void.
Contentious issue number 2. Voting on a united Ireland.
1. (1) It is hereby declared that Northern Ireland in its entirety remains part of the United Kingdom and shall not cease to be so without the consent of a majority of the people of Northern Ireland voting in a poll held for the purposes of this section in accordance with Schedule 1.
(2) But if the wish expressed by a majority in such a poll is that Northern Ireland should cease to be part of the United Kingdom and form part of a united Ireland, the Secretary of State shall lay before Parliament such proposals to give effect to that wish as may be agreed between Her Majesty’s Government in the United Kingdom and the Government of Ireland.
There should be a vote on whether Northern Ireland should remain part of the UK or unite the island of Ireland. The DUP are a against giving the people of Northern Ireland the right to vote on this. And was one of the main reasons they were against it in 1998.
Contentious issue number 3. Cross border institutes will rely on an open border on the island of Ireland to function.
Areas for North-South co-operation and implementation may include the following:
1. Agriculture - animal and plant health.
2. Education - teacher qualifications and exchanges.
3. Transport - strategic transport planning.
4. Environment - environmental protection, pollution, water quality, and waste management.
5. Waterways - inland waterways.
6. Social Security/Social Welfare - entitlements of cross-border workers and fraud control.
7. Tourism - promotion, marketing, research, and product development.
8. Relevant EU Programmes such as SPPR, INTERREG, Leader II and their successors.
9. Inland Fisheries.
10. Aquaculture and marine matters
11. Health: accident and emergency services and other related crossborder issues.
12. Urban and rural development. Others to be considered by the shadow North/ South Council.
Contentious issue number 4. Free movement of people on the island of Ireland.
RIGHTS, SAFEGUARDS AND EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY
Human Rights
"the right to freely choose one’s place of residence";
Anyone on the island of Ireland, that includes any EU citizen that comes to Ireland, or lives there now, can go and live anywhere on Ireland, without any checks on their passports between the two parts. Not allowing free movement i.e border checks goes against the Agreement. After Brexit, any EU citizen will still be able to travel to the Republic and board a train or drive a car into Northern Ireland. That is unless there is border checks, which goes against the Good Friday Agreement.
This was always going to be a contentious issue after Brexit as the Irish government has to allow free movement of EU citizens otherwise they will be in breach of EU convention.
The DUP have never hidden there issue with the GFA. Ian Paisley joined in the process even though he campaigned against it. The changing demographics in the north of Ireland will mean that there will be more Catholics - while not absolute - would tend to vote for a united Ireland. That is the DUP main worry and why it will be on the agenda in talks with May. They do not want to take the chance that a majority in the north may vote for a united Ireland.
The economic issues over pensions make them at loggerheads with the Tories. A main reason the DUP dislodged the UUP - the main business party - amongst the working class is they are against the cuts/austerity. They will want hard cash.
Currently the UK raise roughly £600 million through Corporation tax in Northern Ireland, From 2018 the rate is due to drop to 12.5% and they will collect and keep it themselves. But whatever is raised will be taken out of Northern Ireland's block grant. The UK treasury will be down by about £200 million.
The DUP are formidable negotiators and they know they have May on the ropes and they will squeeze her till the pips squeak.