The best way to think about it is this:I can't speak specifically to racism/discrimination in the UK, but in the US this is a tricky problem. Because many of the issues are systemic, they're self-perpetuating and/or culturally reinforced. If you could "take away discrimination" (not that I even know what this means), you're still not giving a historically racially discriminated group even footing. I agree they're not the correct measures, but "unfair" measures such as affirmative action or the Rooney rule are the best efforts I've yet seen to give social standing back to groups historically discriminated against.
Certainly US affairs are different in the specifics, but I really doubt that racism is any different from one nation and culture to the next. This is a good (but long read) on the kind of inherent (if even unintentional) racism that continues to exist in the US: http://www.theatlantic.com/features/archive/2014/05/the-case-for-reparations/361631/
(No text here because it's too long--a 15 minute read)
Assume all 'racism' goes away tomorrow (lol, but bear with me). Will minorities immediately be able to compete with white men economically and socially? The answer is no. The answer is no because in the general case, minorities have less in their formative years. Less money, less attention, less education, less safety, etc. All of these things lead to them being blocked from places the white male majority can go more easily.
The only fix to that is to try and bring all that less into balance. This is a supremely difficult problem. One of the ways to attempt it is by giving their parents a little leg up on providing economically and hoping the rest will come. Affirmative Action and the Rooney rule et. al. are not there for the person that is directly benefiting. They are there so that their children will be more likely to grow up in a healthier, positive environment and have more chances at being meritocratically equal on paper as well as in person. If they have a better opportunity at decent middle class or above jobs, then their kids are more likely to go to good schools, stay out of gangs, and go to college. All of which begin to turn discriminatory ideas and actions away.
This is a macro-sociological practice though. Individual stories don't really prove or disprove it. It only suffices in the general case. Exceptional people can succeed from any beginning and other can fail from any beginning. The point is to one day, hopefully, have a place in which people are succeeding and failing entirely on merit, rather than on the platform that they were given.
Edit: I am not saying Affirmative Action and the Rooney Rule are the only, or best ways to do this. Just that the ideas behind them are designed to build a platform for which minorities can eventually compete purely on their own merit.