The OECD (2013, p.10)
Guidelines on Measuring of Subjective
Well-being
define and recommend the following measures of subjective well-being:“Good mental states, including all of the various evaluations, positive and negative, that people
make of their lives and the affective reactions of
people to their experiences....
This definition of subjective well-being hence
encompasses three elements:
1.
Life evaluation
—a reflective assessment on a
person’s life or some specific aspect of it.
2.
Affect
—a person’s feelings or emotional
states, typically measured with reference to
a particular point in time.
3.
Eudaimonia
—a sense of meaning and purpose
in life, or good psychological functioning.”
Almost all OECD countries
6
now contain a life evaluation question, usually about life satisfaction, on a 0 to 10 rating scale, in one or more of their surveys. However, it will be many years before the accumulated efforts of national statisti-
cal offices will produce as large a number of comparable country surveys as is now available
through the Gallup World Poll (GWP), which has been surveying an increasing number of
countries since 2005 and now includes almost all of the world’s population. The GWP contains
one life evaluation as well as a range of positive and negative experiential questions, including
several measures of positive and negative affect, mainly asked with respect to the previous day.
In this chapter, we make primary use of the life evaluations, since they are, as shown in Table
2.1, more international in their variation and more readily explained by life circumstances.