It's not just refs, its players, fans and managers who need schooling over the handball rule.
Pretty much anytime a player blocks the ball in the area with the top of his body and handball shouts go out. Or the ball is clearly hit from close range into a players arm by his side and the handball shouts go out.
The law states it has to be deliberate handball, there are guidelines to help decide how thats determined.
A player can move his hand towards the ball but it doesn't mean its a foul. A player can have his arm outstretched above his head but it doesn't mean its a foul.
Unless its totally blatant then it shouldn't be given. Atkinson was right not to give handball against Barry yesterday. If someones blasting a ball at you from a couple of yards away its perfectly natural to bring your arms up to protect your face. And the ball hit under his armpit so wouldn't have travelled towards goal even if his arms were down by his sides.
If the ball had hit the part of his arm over his head sure, you'd say its pretty certain his arm was only there to block the ball. His arm wasn't outstrecthed to block the ball going towards goal, it was in front of his face to protect his face and the ball hit his armpit from close range.
The vast majority of handball shouts should not be given.